Թեմա - Local Dialects In The British Isles
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Local Dialects In The British Isles
Conclusion
2. Howard Jackson and Peter Stockwell (1996). An Introduction to the Nature and Functions of Language, pages 118-125.
3. McArthur, Tom (2002). Oxford Guide to World English. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
4. Peters, Pam (2004). The Cambridge Guide to English Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5. Shirley Russell. (1993). Grammar, Structure and Style. Oxford, pages 139-168.
6. Simpson, John (ed.) (1989). Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
This research paper is about local dialects in the British Isles. It consists of four parts: introduction, body, conclusion and references. Introduction aims at presenting the main purpose of the work in general. In body the dialects of the English language are studied in detail. Conclusion sums up the results of the research. The list of books used for this work is given in references.
All languages change over time and vary according to place and social setting. The way we speak is influenced by many factors - the roots of our elders, our social and educational background, our working environment, our friends and our own sense of identity. As we move across the country we experience the changing landscape and architecture. At the same time we notice a gradual change in the sounds we hear - the accents and dialects that immediately conjure up a sense of the place to which they belong. The terms accent and dialect are often used interchangeably, although in strict linguistic terms they refer to different aspects of language variation.
British English is a broad term for the English Language as spoken and written in the United Kingdom. It may also be used to refer to the language spoken throughout all the British Isles.
This description of dialect lacks precision and coherence. We can see these as problems, but reflecting on the reasons for them brings more understanding of what dialect means, and of why an exact definition is an impossibility. That is, any dialect is a generalization from the individual language use of a wider population. It comes from observation and perhaps some objective study. But we will not, if we stand outside St. Mary-le-Bow church in London, hear everyone around us speaking a uniform variety of English that matches a description of “Cockney”. We will, however, if we speak to a hundred people who have lived there for more than ten years, observe some common features of lexis, grammar and phonology that we would not find commonly used if we repeated the observation in Aberdeen, Hull or Plymouth.
Careful consideration of the national and the dialect vocabularies discloses that the most marked difference between them lies in the limited character of the dialect vocabularies. The literary language contains many words not to be found in dialects, among them technical and scientific terms.