Թեմա - Vatican City Attractions
Տեսակ - Կուրսային, անհատական և ստուգողական աշխատանքներ
Գին - 2750 դրամ
Առարկա - Անգլերեն լեզվով
Էջեր - 11
2. Museo Chiaramonti
3. Etruscan Museum
4. The Museum of Secular Art
5. Vatican Library
6. Museum of Sacred Art
7. Appartamento Borgia
8. Raphael Rooms
9. Vatican Palace
10. Vatican Gardens
11. St Peters Square
12. St Peters Basilica
2.Hutchinson, Robert J. (1998). When in Rome: A Journal of Life in the Vatican.
3.Roncalli, Francesco. (1997). Vatican City: Vatican Museums.
4.Stickler, Alphonso. (1989). The Vatican Library: Its History and Treasures.
Vatican City, as well as much of Rome, is acclaimed the world over for its stunning architectural achievements. Vatican City contains many interesting historical buildings and museums. St. Peter’s Basilica and the Sistine Chapel are two of the city’s most popular buildings that are home to some of the most famous art in the world. St. Peter’s Basilica, whose successive architects include Bramante, Michelangelo, Giacomo della Porta, Maderno and Bernini, is a renowned work of Renaissance architecture. The Sistine Chapel is famous for its frescos, which include works by Perugino, Domenico Ghirlandaio and Botticelli as well as the ceiling and Last Judgment by Michelangelo. Artists who decorated the interiors of the Vatican include Raphael and Fra Angelico. The Vatican Apostolic Library and the collections of the Vatican Museums are of the highest historical, scientific and cultural importance.
The Sistine Chapel, built by Pope Sixtus IV in 1473-84, is a plain rectangular hall 40.4m/133ft long, 20.7m/68ft wide and 13.2m/43ft high with large wall and ceiling surfaces. The division of the chapel into presbytery and nave is achieved by the varying geometric design of the colored marble floor and by a marble balustrade (by Mino da Fiesole and Andrea Bregno).
The Etruscan Museum, founded by Pope Gregory XVI (1831-46), contains, in its 18 rooms, works of art and everyday objects, which throw light on the life of the Etruscans and their idea of the afterlife. The collection also includes Greek and Roman works. Particularly notable items are the rich grave goods from the Regolini-Galassi tomb at Cerveteri, the Mars of Todi, the Stele del Palestrita (from Attica; fifth century B.C.), a head of Athena and numerous fine vases.
The Museum of Secular Art was founded by Gregory XVI. Until 1963 it was housed, together with the Museo Pio Cristano and the Museo Epigrafico Cristano in the Lateran Palace. It now occupies a modern museum building adjoining the Pinacoteca which was built during the reigns of Popes John XXIII (1958-63) and Paul VI (1963-78). The works of ancient sculpture in this excellently arranged museum were mostly found in the territories of the Papal States. The collection includes Roman copies of Greek sculpture and originals of Roman Imperial sculpture - statues, reliefs, funerary monuments and sarcophagi, together with works of political and religious content.
The most famous church in Christendom is St Peter’s, dedicated to the Apostle who is believed to have been the first Bishop of Rome, and whose successor each Pope, as supreme head of the Roman Catholic Church, feels himself to be.
The history of St Peter’s reflects the history of the Papacy. The original church of St Peter was dedicated by Pope Sylvester I in A.D. 326, thanks to the patronage of the Emperor Constantine. It must have been evident at that time that the site, on the slopes of the Vatican hill, was a difficult one to build on, involving considerable differences of level which had to be allowed for in the foundations; and in addition it was well outside the city.